If there is been 1 immutable rule throughout American television history, it's been area news. Practically from The instant the station initial signed on air, they started carrying community news the place sporting activities usually performed An important function. A lack of reliable programming resources in these early many years led a lot of stations to show to sporting activities to fill their broadcasting schedules. The big apple's WNBT tv signed on to broadcast in July 1941, and its first broadcast was an experienced baseball video game ("NBC History", 2003). When building regional newscasts to go well with their viewers, these stations typically integrated sports activities and weather conditions. Such as, in 1961 WKMG started its initial complete-time news Division in Orlando. Newscasts incorporate Frank Vaught's athletics stories ("The heritage of," 2003).
Athletics have held a dominant situation in community information broadcasting for various decades, but the latest field traits have termed into dilemma this posture. Segmented audiences, switching demographics, and declining information profitability have pressured the station to reexamine its neighborhood sports activities segment. “Sports is among the last parts of Television set where people today do points how they constantly have,” states television govt Elliott Wiser. “(Nowadays) a whole new strategy is needed” (Deggans, 2000).
Trouble for Community Television News
미국인들에게 뉴스의 주요 제공자로서 텔레비전의 패권을 위협하는 몇 가지 요인이 결합되었습니다. Undertaking for Excellence in Journalism(2002)에서 수행한 연구에 따르면 텔레비전 뉴스 방송이 시청자를 잃고 있습니다. 1998년에는 방송국의 2/3가 지역 뉴스 방송 시청률이 감소했다고 보고했습니다. 2002년까지 그 수치는 seventy six%로 증가했습니다. 2001년 9월 테러 이후에도 지역 뉴스 시청률은 7% 떨어졌다.
인터넷, 케이블 채널 및 가정용 위성과 같은 미디어 소스의 출현은 시청자에게 뉴스 대안을 제공했습니다. Radio and tv News Director’s Association(“Transforming channels”, 1996)의 연구에 따르면, “대중의 상당 부분이 정기적으로 다른 다양한 소스에 귀를 기울입니다.”
점점 더 많은 방송국이 대형 미디어 회사에 의해 통제됨에 따라 지역 텔레비전 뉴스도 수익 지향적이 되었습니다. 예를 들어, 2002년 첫 몇 주 동안 세 개의 방송국 그룹은 자회사 방송국에서 지역 뉴스를 완전히 제거하기로 결정했습니다(Trigoboff, 2002). Tv set 뉴스 컨설턴트인 짐 윌리는 "대혁명이 일어날 것 같다"고 말했다. "같은 시장에서 동시에 4~five개의 뉴스 방송을 해야 합니까?" (Trigoboff, 2002).
Issue for Area Tv set Sports
None of the is good news with the regional television athletics sector, that is significantly beneath scrutiny from station execs. Despite its regular presence within just nearby newscasts, sporting activities have extended been thought of a "tuning" element. According to a study by the Radio and Television Information Directors Foundation, only 31% of viewers reported they had been 'incredibly interested' in athletics and 32% were being 'fairly fascinated' ("Journalism and Ethics", 1998). This compares to seventy two% who expressed curiosity from the weather. "Sports activities are particularly polarizing." said television information marketing consultant Brent Magid. “The majority can take, depart, or despise” (Greppi, 2002).
Studies have proven that women are much a lot less thinking about sports activities than Adult men (Gantz and Wenner, 1991; Perse, 1992), and a lot of stations have acted accordingly. In 2000, Tampa's WTSP dropped the sport from its early evening newscasts. In accordance with station information director Jim Church, "Telling a Tale when not one person is listening is not a great utilization of air time" (Deggans, 2000).
Some stations have eradicated the sport, while others have diminished their allotted time. Depending on the day from the week (weekends have a lot more sports activities time), athletics segments have ordinarily gained concerning a few and 5 minutes of community information protection. Since variety is right down to a couple of minute. In 2002, Pittsburgh's KDKA Lower time for sports activities by just three as well as a fifty percent minutes for three hours of stories. Many others during the field have executed new techniques, for example sports activities stories that concentrate more on people than scores or cater to the broader news audience. "What we are seeking to do now's deal with sports as information," claims KDKA news director Al Blinke. 스포츠중계 “We want to do a little something outside of athletics” (Finder, 2002).
Discussion
스포츠 부문에서 일어나고 있는 변화는 시간 할당보다 콘텐츠, 스타일 및 프레젠테이션과 더 관련이 있습니다. 아마도 시청자에게 모든 스포츠 네트워크와 대조되는 것을 제공하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 지역 TV 스포츠는 지역 이야기, 운동 선수 및 이벤트에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며 일반 스포츠 팬을 위해 보다 기능 지향적이고 시청자 친화적인 보도를 만들고 있습니다. 전형적인 반응은 Midwest의 뉴스 디렉터가 “우리는 스포츠가 비스포츠 팬들에게 흥미로웠으면 합니다. 여기서 스포츠는 뉴스이고 커뮤니티입니다. 많은 케이블 스포츠 채널이 제공하는 것과는 반대로 시청자에게 지역 정보를 제공하십시오. 우리만이 현지에 갈 수 있습니다. 그들은 할 수 없습니다.”
지역 텔레비전 스포츠의 미래에 대해 뉴스 감독들은 이 연구에 대해 지금과 가까운 미래의 두 가지 뚜렷한 시간 프레임을 제안하는 더 비관적이었고, 지역 텔레비전 스포츠는 안전해 보이지만 뉴스 감독들은 그것을 매우 짧은 기간에 묶었습니다. 한 뉴스 디렉터는 이렇게 말했습니다. 지금은 하기 싫지만 앞으로는 할 수 있을 것”이라고 말했다.
Implications
Changes in community sporting activities could possibly be a reflection of your huge upheaval happening through broadcast news. Should the sports activities sector is no longer Risk-free, what about other information components? CBS Team News Vice chairman Joel Cheatwood (Trigoboff, 2002) stated, “[All this] forces us to reexamine the [news] design.”
On a far more fast level, alterations within the community sports activities sector instantly have an effect on Many aspiring sportscasters. Stations which might be reducing their motivation to sporting activities may also be cutting down their sports workforce degrees, which impacts The work industry. A further news director explained, "[Sporting activities on newscasts] is dying." “We went from two complete-time sportsmen to 1 comprehensive-time, 1 in command of the information three days every week, and it absolutely was a fight to stay there.”
Equally significant, changes in the way in which athletics are introduced are forcing sporting activities broadcasters to find out new strategies. No more can sportscasters deal with scoring. They have to create the presentation far more participating for normal admirers. This is also essential for journalism educational institutions across the nation, which should doc what stations want during the sporting activities sector and update their training curricula.
Will these changes function or persist? Sports activities journalist Chuck Finder (2002) commented within the modify in KDKA, “Allow’s reserve remaining judgment right until September, in the event the Steelers, college, and highschool soccer seasons start off in earnest. Then the station are going to be . You can find an mistake in clock administration.”